And once again, the Arctic is thawing…

You’d think we’d be used to it by now—but no, the Arctic still manages to surprise us. After a rather bumpy Easter with a broken aircraft and heavy snowfall, we were determined to finally get back in the air today. Research flight RF13 was scheduled for the third time. Third time’s the charm, right?

Well… not quite.

Instead of snow, we were met with something even more unsettling up here: rain. In the Arctic. Moments like this make our research feel very real—perhaps a little too real. “Arctic amplification” is no abstract concept here; it’s something you experience firsthand. And sometimes, that reality really hurts. We can only hope that visitors take this awareness home with them and feel inspired to contribute to climate protection in their own lives.

When you’re grounded, you make the best of it. Part of our team—especially the new mission PIs—used the time to dive deep into flight planning. Even though the chances of actually flying were slim, it was still a valuable learning experience. Others explored the cultural side of things, visiting the Svalbard Museum, browsing souvenir shops, and yes… giving their credit cards a bit of a workout 😉

Meanwhile, another group had a well-deserved day off, making the most of it with snowmobile tours and dog sledding adventures. The freshly snow-covered winter wonderland offered unforgettable impressions. As a special highlight, we even spotted a rare blue fox—a dark Arctic fox. And as if that wasn’t enough, beluga whales were swimming through the harbor, almost as if they were gliding alongside the cars on the road. Surreal—and absolutely magical.

Of course, science never really stops. To keep ourselves from feeling too much like tourists (and to avoid a bit of cabin fever), we held science meetings at the airport. We reviewed previous research flights, discussed promising early results, and refined our flight strategies. You can feel the anticipation—everyone is eager to get back into the air. There are still so many mysteries to solve.

As for the weather forecast… let’s just say it leaves room for improvement. Tomorrow doesn’t look much better, so we’ll be welcoming a group from UNIS at the airport instead, exchanging ideas and giving them a tour of the aircraft.

And after that? We stay optimistic. Sooner or later, the weather has to turn—and when it does, we’ll be ready to make the most of every flying opportunity. Our plans are set. Now we just need the weather to cooperate.

So—keep your fingers crossed!

Flying on Hold, Chocolate on Hand: Arctic Adventures in Waiting

Today, we send snowy greetings from Longyearbyen. It’s been a few days since we last flew, but let’s start with the last research flight. For April 4th, we designed another survey for RF12 to the origin region of a cold air outbreak, including a Ny-Ålesund overpass on the way back to Longyearbyen. To further investigate the air mass and cloud development from over the sea ice, across the marginal sea ice zone, to the open ocean, a dropsonde was launched on each leg.
The flight went according to plan, and all the researchers, including two for whom it was their first flight, returned with smiles on their faces. However, during the debriefing, the post-flight review we always hold with everyone after landing, came the sobering news: one of the aircraft’s altimeters unfortunately broke, and we had to wait for a replacement part that wouldn’t arrive and be installed until Monday – so, no flying this Easter.

We didn’t let it spoil our mood, though. These things happen, and it’s actually not that uncommon during longer measurement campaigns. So, on Easter Sunday, we hiked to an ice cave in the Longyearbreen Glacier. On our way up the glacier, the Easter Bunny even surprised us twice with hidden chocolate bunnies and eggs. That must have given us enough energy to trudge the 350 meters of elevation gain. Once we arrived at the ice cave, equipped with headlamps, we went inside, and the interior was truly breathtaking. Everything glittered, the walls were covered with thick, crystal-clear ice, and beautiful icicles and formations made the cave look magical.
Back in the sunlight, we enjoyed some homemade carrot cake before heading back. It was really tiring, but it was worth it! We ended the day with a relaxing dinner together.

A tiny glimmer of hope remained on Monday that we might be able to fly on Tuesday, so a small group got together to plan the flight. It would have been a fantastic flight over Kongsfjorden, the fjord where Ny-Ålesund and the AWIPEV research station are located, but even during the planning phase, we were aware that the weather conditions weren’t looking good. This morning, our fears were confirmed with a “no go” for today and at least tomorrow.
So today we’re spending our time analyzing data, segmenting flights, writing blog posts, and compiling flight reports.

Keep your fingers crossed that the weather will soon be suitable for flying again so that Polar 5 can take off with some of us on board. Until then, at least we can enjoy the beautiful fresh snow.

See you soon!

One more flight and a well earned break

Time for a bit of a catch up. Wednesday the 18th brought some unfavourable weather for flying. We took the opportunity to plan for another flight and start with some data management. Models were showing that low level clouds would be widespread and persistent to the west of Svalbard on Thursday, with a window of opportunity to capture some of these clouds before a slow moving low pressure system brought in mid to high level clouds. During the flight out there were thick low-level clouds over the open ocean, which thinned significantly over the sea ice, showing only very weak reflections in the radar. On the way back in to Longyearbyen, low-level clouds were filling the Kongsfjorden, next to Ny-Ålesund, brought in from the west. We were fortunate to be able to fly a pattern over this somewhat rare occurrence and drop some sondes to profile the clouds, making the crew very happy!

Snowfall was forecast for Friday, and the influence of a low pressure system made conditions unsuitable for flying. It was therefore declared that Friday would be a well deserved day off! During the day, we hiked up the Larsbreen to an ice cave under the glacier! The fresh snowfall was very welcome, and permitted some great sliding on the way back to Longyearbyen.

More unsettled weather on Saturday has made for another day off from flying, but we are taking it as a data and planning day. Cold air outbreak conditions are developing to the west of Svalbard, which look to be stable for the coming week. Mid-level clouds may prevent us from flying on Sunday, but we will wait until later in the day to make this decision. So for now we are keeping an eye on the forecasts and crunching the data that we have collected so far.

Two flights, two sites (sights)

The last two days brought us more perfect flying conditions so we were able to get into the air and head in two different directions from Longyearbyen. Yesterday we headed to the southeastern sea ice edge and flew a forward-backward pattern from the sea ice to the open ocean. Although the surface flow was not coming from the sea ice, we could capture a lot of nice low-level clouds over the ice, and some strong precipitative clouds over the ocean. Two drop sondes were deployed at each end of the pattern to help us to better understand the differing thermodynamic conditions. In contrast, today we set off northwest towards the sea ice edge close to Greenland. On the way, we passed over the Kongsfjorden, next to Ny Ålesund, and had contact with researchers there to coordinate dropsondes and radiosondes. We witnessed some snow sublimation in the area and were able to capture it whilst passing over. Upon reaching the sea ice, we again flew a forward-backward pattern, but this time remaining over the ice to capture the changing cloud cover. We already have three successful flights completed at this early stage of the campaign, what a great start! Tomorrow the conditions for flying are looking complex, but what does that matter to COMPEX? We will see..

Even a good thing has to come to an end

COMPEX-EC in the field is over, and it was a full success. Two weeks in Kiruna with the beautiful Polar 5 research aircraft, equipped with a pretty cool suite of instruments, and all that run by an amazing crowd, was such a good time. Wow! Wow! Wow!

We had seven research flights focusing on under-flying EarthCARE, summing up to more than 30 flight hours. Weather conditions were flyable almost all the time. We could investigate a few cold air outbreaks in the mature state, which was fascinating to see from above and in the instruments. Pretty sure the data collected will serve well for the validation study in the upcoming months. Look out for results on well-known conferences and workshops.

And with that, I’d like to say goodbye and thank you very much for following us.

The well-designed COMPEX-EC logo (credits to Friedhelm Jansen (MPI Hamburg)) and all 7 research flights of COMPEX-EC over a digital terrain model and the mean sea ice conditions during the campaign (University of Bremen).

Snow White and the 7 flights

Today we took off for the 7th and last time with Polar 5. With a newly mixed crew, all PhDs were able to fly again, one of them even made her debut as PI. Mika actively supported her and helped, for example, to write the flight log.
As a PI, of course, you also have other tasks. The day before, the flight route has to be planned and a flight plan has to be written and sent out. During the flight, you have to keep an eye on the flight altitude and the times when the planned points are reached. You also communicate with the pilots from time to time and make sure that all measurements are started and finished at the right time. But of course, everyone thinks along and knows what to do with their instruments, so they make it easier for you to complete the PI tasks.
The view during the flight was great again – we flew over Porsangerfjord on the north coast of Norway, where we could observe the cloud cover thickening towards the north. On the satellite track we launched 5 dropsondes this time and the satellite flew over us in such a way that Polar 5 can be seen again as a signal in the EarthCARE radar data!
Everyone was very happy with this last flight. But Mika was also a little sad because it was the last flight for COMPEX-EC and he had enjoyed flying so much. But the next campaign is sure to come and you can also look forward to a final blog entry in which we look back on the campaign and say goodbye to you!

From watching clouds to eating chocolate cake

Yesterday’s flight took us out over the open sea, where we expected to see some beautiful convective clouds towering up to 4 km. That meant we had to climb higher again — this time to about 4.5 km. Just before takeoff, we checked the latest satellite images and saw that we’d be flying right into a cold air outbreak (CAO) combined with a small low-pressure system moving eastward towards the Barents Sea. Such weather conditions are always fascinating to fly in, as you can expect an interesting mix of clouds and clear sky. In a CAO, cold air is advected over the relatively warm ocean, leading to a strong temperature difference between the sea surface and the higher layers of the troposphere. This causes the atmosphere near the ground to become unstable – the air can rise, cool down – and condensation occurs: clouds form that can tower up impressively. These promising prospects were, of course, particularly exciting for Mika. During the flight, he carefully monitored the dropsondes – and even threw one or two of them out of the plane himself (but only once they were ready for measurement, of course!). And when there was nothing to do, he was busy taking photos of the beautiful clouds that we were able to admire during our flight. Thanks to Mika, we were able to drop a total of 9 dropsondes, the highest number ever during our campaign! This flight was truly special, as our PI of this flight, Marcus, had his 40th birthday! After landing back in Kiruna, our ground team surprised him with a chocolate birthday cake. Naturally, we gathered the whole crew for a birthday photo. Not only did we have a successful flight with lots of stunning clouds along our track, but we also had a special birthday celebration for our PI. Happy 40th birthday, Marcus!

From runway to bowling lane

After two days without a flight, today we could finally take off again. The conditions could have been a little better, but that didn’t stop us from flying to continue our research. The forecast was clear – higher clouds than on the first flights, which is why we needed to go up to over 5 km. But before we got on the plane, the group photo of the entire COMPEX-EC crew was on the agenda. A perfect photo on the first try, and we were ready to board the plane.
The EarthCARE track north of Kiruna over the Norwegian Sea was well suited for the day and the planning focused on flying on the track against and with the satellite flight direction. In addition, dropsondes on a regular grid were launched to provide more precise vertical profiles on the way there and back.
Said, done!
The flight went very well with 6 dropsondes and the EarthCARE underflight. We were also able to observe interesting clouds again, including the typical cellular convection pattern of a cold-air outbreak and some showers. As Polar 5 had to stand outside during the nights, frozen water persisted on the windows, but did not stop us from taking pictures of the cloud formations.
After the successful completion of also this research flight, the fifth successful one by the way, the team enjoyed an evening together in the bowling center. The pins were hit just as well as we matched EarthCARE satellite with our flights – Doublestrike! Mika also took part, but clearly had a hard time with the big bowling balls.
Stay tuned, because the campaign is not over yet!

The beauty of Sea Ice and Lenticularis Clouds

On Tuesday, we flew towards the Bothnian Sea – an exciting flight, especially because we could see sea ice from the aircraft! This time, we flew relatively high and reached an altitude of 5200 m – the highest altitude we have flown so far during this campaign. The reason for this? The clouds reached 5000 m, and we aimed to fly above them so our instruments could better detect them.
Fortunately, the clouds broke up just enough to give us a breathtaking view of the Bothnian Sea. As you can imagine, Mika was thrilled and immediately climbed into the glass dome of Polar 5 to enjoy the 360° view. But safety first – we had to secure him there, otherwise, he might have jumped around in excitement after discovering the sea ice.
It was really impressive to see the Bothnian Sea from above, with Finland on one side and Sweden on the other. On the way back, we got to see another treat: Lenticularis clouds, which form when moist air flows over mountains and is pushed to higher altitudes in wave-like patterns. As the air rises in these waves and cools down as a result, clouds form on the ridges, which are smooth and lenticular. Overall, we had a very nice flight!
Our next day will be different, as we will visit a special place here in Kiruna, so stay tuned!

Winter Wonderland

Hej, it’s great that you’re still following us! Totally worth it, because Polar 5 started its next research flight with our crew today at shortly after 12 UTC.
Mika was of course very excited again and was the first to fasten his seat belt because he could hardly wait to take off again.
Today’s track took us northwest over the Lofoten Islands to underfly EarthCARE over the sea. By the way, on the map you can see today’s flight track as well as those of the first two flights. Cool, isn’t it? The western straight sections from north to south are always the sections where we underfly EarthCARE. The small squares are so-called radiation squares, which are used to calibrate the radiation measuring device “albedometer” in conditions without clouds above the aircraft.
We are slowly settling into a routine for operating the instruments and the procedures, but what you can see from the plane is of course still breathtaking! The view from the small glass dome on the ceiling of the plane was particularly beautiful today.
The conditions were great. At first we had clear skies and were able to enjoy the view of the winter wonderland snow-covered mountains until we reached a large cloud cover, above which we then had great measuring conditions for our campaign.

Tomorrow will be the fourth flight, this time towards the Bothnian Sea, which is still partly covered in sea ice. We’re sure it will be great.
So, stay tuned 🙂